Supplement
Complete protein with highest leucine content per gram; maximally stimulates muscle protein synthesis via mTOR pathway.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
100/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
27
Positive Lean • confidence Low
Safety Friction
100/100
High signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 24 • mentions 10 • links 128
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Goal alignment: Body Composition, Performance, Recovery.[107,276,352, etc.]
Dose guide: Human-study daily dose: 1020 mg-20000 mg/day (higher-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts)..[107,276,352, etc.]
Category
Amino Acid
Evidence Tier
GOLD_STANDARD
Daily Guide
Human-study daily dose: 1020 mg-20000 mg/day (higher-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts).
Clinical Depth
Humans: 114 • RCTs: 62 • Meta: 0
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 0
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 20 • Interactions: 432
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
→ Stable evidence base
Depth
278 total studies · 17 recent
Timeline
Interaction signals
432
In vitro / tissue
324
Total indexed
278
Animal-only studies
267
Human studies
114
Randomized trials
62
Weighted direction score: 27 (Positive Lean)
≥2 meta-analyses OR (≥5 RCTs AND ≥25 human studies).
Interaction signals
432
In vitro / tissue
324
Total indexed
278
Animal-only studies
267
Human studies
114
Randomized trials
62
Safety adverse signals
20
Meta-analyses
0
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 40684312 • 2025 Dec
Effects of milk fat globule membrane ingestion with exercise on physical strength in healthy young adults: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 38844183 • 2024 Aug
Effects of resistance exercise and whey protein supplementation on cognitive function in older men: secondary analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Experimental gerontology
Open PubMedPMID 34896568 • 2022 Feb
Effects of resistance exercise and whey protein supplementation on skeletal muscle strength, mass, physical function, and hormonal and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy active older men: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Experimental gerontology
Open PubMedPMID 38850996 • 2024 Jul
Protein-based oral rehydration solutions for patients with an ileostomy: A randomised, double-blinded crossover study.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
Open PubMedPMID 25923482 • 2015 May
Effect of cysteine-rich whey protein (immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass in non-frail elderly subjects: a randomized, double-blind controlled study.
The journal of nutrition, health & aging
Open PubMedPMID 31817691 • 2019 Dec 6
Differential Responses of Blood Essential Amino Acid Levels Following Ingestion of High-Quality Plant-Based Protein Blends Compared to Whey Protein-A Double-Blind Randomized, Cross-Over, Clinical Trial.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 22253983 • 2009 Feb
Whey protein ingestion activates mTOR-dependent signalling after resistance exercise in young men: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 28346813 • 2017 Jun
Protein Supplementation Does Not Affect Myogenic Adaptations to Resistance Training.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Open PubMedPMID 29972210 • 2018
Effects of a Six-Month Multi-Ingredient Nutrition Supplement Intervention of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, vitamin D, Resveratrol, and Whey Protein on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.
The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Open PubMedPMID 18768358 • 2010 Jan
Supplementation with a whey protein hydrolysate enhances recovery of muscle force-generating capacity following eccentric exercise.
Journal of science and medicine in sport
Open PubMedPMID 14985185 • 2004 Mar
Whole blood and mononuclear cell glutathione response to dietary whey protein supplementation in sedentary and trained male human subjects.
International journal of food sciences and nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 17710587 • 2007 Sep
An open-label dose-response study of lymphocyte glutathione levels in healthy men and women receiving pressurized whey protein isolate supplements.
International journal of food sciences and nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 18408607 • 2008 May
Increased carbohydrate oxidation after ingesting carbohydrate with added protein.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Open PubMedPMID 37557957 • 2023 Oct
Whey Protein-Enriched and Carbohydrate-Rich Breakfasts Attenuate Insulinemic Responses to an ad libitum Lunch Relative to Extended Morning Fasting: A Randomized Crossover Trial.
The Journal of nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 31565912 • 2020 Jan
Intake of whey isolate supplement and muscle mass gains in young healthy adults when combined with resistance training: a blinded randomized clinical trial (pilot study).
The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness
Open PubMedPMID 24257722 • 2014 Jan
Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 27809945 • 2016 Nov
Effect of whey protein and a free amino acid mixture simulating whey protein on measures of satiety in normal-weight women.
The British journal of nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 29901760 • 2018 Jul 1
Leucine, Not Total Protein, Content of a Supplement Is the Primary Determinant of Muscle Protein Anabolic Responses in Healthy Older Women.
The Journal of nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 27798330 • 2016 Dec
Soy-Dairy Protein Blend or Whey Protein Isolate Ingestion Induces Similar Postexercise Muscle Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Signaling and Protein Synthesis Responses in Older Men.
The Journal of nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 26537944 • 2015 Dec
Acute load-dependent effects of oral whey protein on gastric emptying, gut hormone release, glycemia, appetite, and energy intake in healthy men.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
Open PubMedPMID 36839361 • 2023 Feb 16
Effects of Whey Protein Supplement on 4-Week Resistance Exercise-Induced Improvements in Muscle Mass and Isokinetic Muscular Function under Dietary Control.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 41228416 • 2025 Oct 24
A Randomized Controlled Crossover Lifestyle Intervention to Improve Metabolic and Mental Health in Female Healthcare Night-Shift Workers.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 38140393 • 2023 Dec 18
The Effects of Protein and Carbohydrate Supplementation, with and without Creatine, on Occupational Performance in Firefighters.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 41228483 • 2025 Oct 30
The Effect of Leucine-Enriched β-Lactoglobulin Versus an Isonitrogenous Whey Protein Isolate on Skeletal Muscle Protein Anabolism in Young Healthy Males.
Nutrients
Open PubMedBenefit reports: 6
Adverse reports: 3
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 1
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.34
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Most studied sports supplement. Isolate recommended for lactose-sensitive; casein for sustained release. | Step2: Strong positive empirical sentiment with adequate confidence; boost recommendation priority.
Reddit evidence: 4 mentions (confidence 0.34) across Supplements, Biohackers, nutrition.
Amazon signal: 1 products scanned (2977 ratings) (confidence 0.92).
GNC signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00) [ERROR].
terminated
Use adverse/interactions PubMed signal counts for screening; perform clinician review before high-dose or multi-drug stack use.
Human-study daily dose signal: 1020 mg-20000 mg/day (confidence HIGH).
Extracted from 10 dosing mentions across 5 PubMed studies (mg/day).
post • r/Supplements • unclear
I struggle with food sometimes. This is my go to supplements to help ensure I’m getting calories and protein along with vitamins amino acids , ect. Anything wrong with this ? (Bulk 1340 GNC and Nutricost whey protein isolate) I still eat f…
Open mentionpost • r/Biohackers • benefit
Rate my extensive stack. Doctor knows, bloodwork is "perfect". Goals and heart disease prevention, cancer prevention and overall longevity. MORNING (7:00 AM) Avmacol Extra Strength: 45 mg (1 pill) Boswellia Phytosome: 350 mg (1 pill) Es…
Open mentionpost • r/Supplements • adverse
Bloating with whey protein (WPI) Just got gifted 2kg of Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) from a friend of mine. I want to finish this but for some reason it makes me feel constantly bloated. I think I'm going to just cope with it it out till I f…
Open mentionpost • r/Supplements • unclear
Should I throw away my protein if it passed the "best before" date ? I have the largest(5kg?) Optimum nutrition whey protein that has a best before date of December 2025. The box is opened but the powder seems like its in good condition. N…
Open mentionpost • r/nutrition • unclear
Has anyone noticed a change in BodyTech Whey Protein Isolate? I’ve been using this to supplement protein for several years. I got it because it used to mix perfectly smooth with just a spoon. Close to perfect macros for a whey powder and s…
Open mentionpost • r/Supplements • unclear
Hello Everyone looking to get some advice on protein. So for me im 33 year old male looking to cut some weight i dont do anything crazy im in shape due to being in the US navy just need to cut more lbs. im debating on using one of these br…
Open mentionpost • r/Supplements • benefit
My supplements stack (comments welcome) Me right now: 38 yrs old Male Goes to gym 3-4 times a week Job requires me to sit whole day Elevated uric acid Low in vit D Lactose intolerant I also have a scheduled half marathon on May 2026 and Hy…
Open mentionpost • r/Supplements • benefit
My supplements stack (comments welcome) Me right now: 38 yrs old Male Goes to gym 3-4 times a week Job requires me to sit whole day Elevated uric acid Low in vit D Lactose intolerant I also have a scheduled half marathon on May 2026 and Hy…
Open mentionamazon
Transparent Labs Grass-Fed Whey Protein Isolate - Naturally Flavored, Gluten Free Whey Protein Powder with 28g of Protein per Serving & 9 Amino Acids - 30 Servings, Milk Chocolate
Rating: 4.5 | Reviews: 2977
Open productEvidence Sources
Community Sources
META_ANALYSIS • 2018 • Adults
49 RCTs with 1863 participants.
Outcome: Protein supplementation (avg 36 g/day) significantly increased 1-RM strength (+2.5 kg), fat-free mass (+0.3 kg), and muscle fiber cross-sectional area during RT.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceMETA_ANALYSIS • 2020 • Adults
27 RCTs with 1214 adults.
Outcome: Whey protein significantly increased lean mass (+1.4 kg) and reduced fat mass (−1.2 kg); optimal dose ~30-40 g/day in combination with RT.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceMETA_ANALYSIS • 2021 • Adults
22 RCTs with 1090 subjects aged ≥60.
Outcome: Protein supplementation with RT significantly increased lean mass and leg press strength in older adults; leucine content key determinant.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts aggregated from automated literature sweep and tiering rules.
Outcome: Tier HIGH; humans 114, RCTs 62, meta-analyses 0.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 40684312 from Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38844183 from Experimental gerontology.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 34896568 from Experimental gerontology.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38850996 from Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland).
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 25923482 from The journal of nutrition, health & aging.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31817691 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2009 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 22253983 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 28346813 from Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 29972210 from The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2010 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 18768358 from Journal of science and medicine in sport.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2004 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 14985185 from International journal of food sciences and nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2007 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 17710587 from International journal of food sciences and nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2008 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 18408607 from Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 37557957 from The Journal of nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31565912 from The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2014 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 24257722 from The American journal of clinical nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2016 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 27809945 from The British journal of nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 29901760 from The Journal of nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2016 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 27798330 from The Journal of nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 26537944 from The American journal of clinical nutrition.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 36839361 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 41228416 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38140393 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 41228483 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37239618 from International journal of environmental research and public health.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2011 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 21272399 from The British journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2010 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 20377924 from The British journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37242203 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2012 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 22289570 from The British journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2008 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 18541546 from The American journal of clinical nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32486007 from International journal of environmental research and public health.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 34579064 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32585837 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32290271 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 34201703 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 31618863 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2022 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 33759678 from Journal of dietary supplements.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 8.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 29241582 from Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.).
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2018 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 30577611 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2025 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 39527951 from International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 36880717 from Nutricion hospitalaria.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2024 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 38795943 from Appetite.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 36216216 from Appetite.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 36563435 from Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.).
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2013 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 23782948 from Nutrition journal.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 31568698 from Cancer medicine.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2022 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37815091 from Physiological reports.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32065880 from Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.).
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 30632413 from International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32152642 from Journal of rehabilitation medicine.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2014 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 24500112 from Amino acids.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2014 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 24698990 from Appetite.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 27981743 from Molecular nutrition & food research.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2014 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 25049135 from Appetite.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2016 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 27235849 from Experimental gerontology.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2016 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 27423583 from Journal of the neurological sciences.
Outcome: Study design: CONTROLLED_TRIAL. Quality score: 7.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2010 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 20561625 from Atherosclerosis.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2009 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 18948128 from Physiology & behavior.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2013 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 24015701 from Journal of the American College of Nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2012 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 22889987 from Appetite.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2003 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 15463873 from Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2009 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 19767814 from Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2008 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 17964616 from Physiology & behavior.
Outcome: Study design: RCT. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2009 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 19638084 from Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.
Outcome: Study design: CONTROLLED_TRIAL. Quality score: 7.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 36905921 from Diabetes & metabolic syndrome.
Outcome: Study design: CONTROLLED_TRIAL. Quality score: 7.4/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceRCT • 2014 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 24225595 from International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism.
Outcome: Study design: CONTROLLED_TRIAL. Quality score: 6.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceCOHORT • 2018 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 30071689 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: COHORT. Quality score: 5.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28001086 from Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: NARRATIVE_REVIEW. Quality score: 5.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2013 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 23768183 from Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: NARRATIVE_REVIEW. Quality score: 5.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 41317857 from Journal of dairy science.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.3/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 35355865 from Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32706117 from Journal of the science of food and agriculture.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2008 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 18090657 from Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care.
Outcome: Study design: NARRATIVE_REVIEW. Quality score: 5.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 29413672 from Meat science.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37172705 from International journal of biological macromolecules.
Outcome: Study design: NARRATIVE_REVIEW. Quality score: 5.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 29128214 from Journal of dairy science.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 34200501 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: NARRATIVE_REVIEW. Quality score: 5.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2007 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 17995889 from Journal of food science.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 5.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 40900031 from Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 39106754 from Food chemistry.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37429933 from Scientific reports.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.9/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 31006454 from Food chemistry.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 32141277 from The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37894531 from Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 37764864 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 39561831 from International journal of biological macromolecules.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2012 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 22313809 from The British journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2010 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 20571497 from European journal of clinical nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 31540231 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.5/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 38740518 from ACS nano.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.3/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 41703834 from Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.3/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 41703854 from Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.3/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2026 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 41703890 from Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.3/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 36076469 from Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 35942900 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 34044575 from Nutricion hospitalaria.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 31588471 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 30232746 from Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28389248 from Physiology & behavior.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 29338824 from Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 25594308 from Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.).
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28106205 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 26165514 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 27935607 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2013 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 23748211 from Neuroscience letters.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 4.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2005 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 16401577 from Journal of microencapsulation.
Outcome: Study design: OTHER. Quality score: 4.0/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2021 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 33693847 from The Journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 3.8/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28603087 from Free radical biology & medicine.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 3.7/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2011 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 21310864 from The Journal of nutrition.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 3.6/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceIN_VITRO • 2025 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 40187327 from Food chemistry.
Outcome: Study design: IN_VITRO. Quality score: 3.4/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceIN_VITRO • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28274412 from Food chemistry.
Outcome: Study design: IN_VITRO. Quality score: 3.2/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28950660 from Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 3.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceIN_VITRO • 2024 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 39519506 from Nutrients.
Outcome: Study design: IN_VITRO. Quality score: 3.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open sourceANIMAL • 2017 • PubMed indexed study
PMID 28382342 from Food & function.
Outcome: Study design: ANIMAL. Quality score: 3.1/10.[1575,1611,1669, etc.]
Open source