Supplement
Targets cognitive, cholinergic, or neurovascular pathways linked to focus and brain function.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
100/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
10
Mixed / Neutral • confidence Minimal
Safety Friction
100/100
High signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 15 • mentions 4 • links 25
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Goal alignment: Focus, Cognitive, Brain Health, Energy.[600,746,973, etc.]
Dose guide: Follow product label and start with the lowest effective daily serving..[600,746,973, etc.]
Category
Nootropic
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Daily Guide
Follow product label and start with the lowest effective daily serving.
Clinical Depth
Humans: 662 • RCTs: 119 • Meta: 5
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 0
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 1,118 • Interactions: 6,021
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
→ Stable evidence base
Depth
1741 total studies · 4 recent
Timeline
Animal-only studies
13,751
Interaction signals
6,021
In vitro / tissue
4,458
Total indexed
1,741
Safety adverse signals
1,118
Human studies
662
Weighted direction score: 10 (Mixed / Neutral)
High when >=2 human meta-analyses, or >=5 human RCTs with substantial human literature volume.
Animal-only studies
13,751
Interaction signals
6,021
In vitro / tissue
4,458
Total indexed
1,741
Safety adverse signals
1,118
Human studies
662
Randomized trials
119
Meta-analyses
5
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 33440385 • 2021
Delayed-Release Phosphatidylcholine Is Effective for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: A Meta-Analysis.
Dig Dis
Open PubMedPMID 28686188 • 2017 Jul 7
Dietary Choline and Betaine and Risk of CVD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 40281584 • 2025 Apr 25
The causal relationship between 179 lipid species and urolithiasis: a bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization study combined with meta-analysis.
Lipids Health Dis
Open PubMedPMID 19351232 • 2009 Apr
Efficacy of citicoline as an acute stroke treatment.
Expert Opin Pharmacother
Open PubMedPMID 18853146 • 2009 Jan
Phospholipase A2 activation as a therapeutic approach for cognitive enhancement in early-stage Alzheimer disease.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
Open PubMedPMID 39267053 • 2024 Sep 12
Effects of dietary interventions and intermittent fasting on HDL function in obese individuals with T2DM: a randomized controlled trial.
Cardiovasc Diabetol
Open PubMedPMID 30859363 • 2020 Mar
Combined choline and DHA supplementation: a randomized controlled trial.
Eur J Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 37642166 • 2024 Jan 28
The impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on serum fatty acids and the interaction with low-grade inflammation in pregnant women with overweight and obesity: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
Br J Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 34287673 • 2022 Feb
Differential metabolism of choline supplements in adult volunteers.
Eur J Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 24925713 • 2014 Nov
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil supplementation in pregnant women with Type 2 diabetes on membrane fatty acids and fetal body composition--double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Diabet Med
Open PubMedPMID 29495607 • 2018 Feb 28
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Astaxanthin and Sesamin on Daily Fatigue: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Two-Way Crossover Study.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 21475195 • 2011 Apr 7
Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease.
Nature
Open PubMedPMID 23563705 • 2013 May
Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis.
Nat Med
Open PubMedPMID 40931065 • 2025 Nov
ABCA7 variants impact phosphatidylcholine and mitochondria in neurons.
Nature
Open PubMedPMID 24992464 • 2014 Oct
Phosphatidylserine in the brain: metabolism and function.
Prog Lipid Res
Open PubMedBenefit reports: 2
Adverse reports: 1
No-effect reports: 1
Mixed reports: 0
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.00
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Insufficient empirical signal for a directional adjustment.
Reddit evidence: 0 mentions (confidence 0.00).
Amazon signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00).
GNC signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00) [ERROR].
terminated
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Fallback search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=comments&t=all&limit=16&q=%22phosphatidylcholine%22%20(supplement%20OR%20capsule%20OR%20powder%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results%20OR%20side%20effects)
Broad search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=new&t=all&limit=16&q=phosphatidylcholine
Use adverse/interactions PubMed signal counts for screening; perform clinician review before high-dose or multi-drug stack use.
Imported legacy community score: 7.0/10 (heuristic mapping confidence 1.00).
Imported legacy monthly cost signal: ~$15.00.
Legacy community note: Popular for skin and joint health. Users report more hydrated skin and reduced joint stiffness. Often stacked with collagen for synergistic beauty benefits. Topical HA also widely used.
aggregate • benefit
Aggregate community signal: 4 directional mentions (benefit 2, adverse 1, no-effect 1, mixed 0).
Open mentionamazon
Amazon search for Phosphatidylcholine
Rating: n/a | Reviews: n/a
Open productEvidence Sources
Community Sources
PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts aggregated from automated literature sweep and tiering rules.
Outcome: Tier HIGH; humans 662, RCTs 119, meta-analyses 5.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 33440385 from Dig Dis.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2017 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 28686188 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 40281584 from Lipids Health Dis.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2009 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 19351232 from Expert Opin Pharmacother.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2009 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 18853146 from Psychopharmacology (Berl).
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39267053 from Cardiovasc Diabetol.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30859363 from Eur J Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 37642166 from Br J Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 34287673 from Eur J Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2014 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 24925713 from Diabet Med.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 29495607 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2011 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 21475195 from Nature.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2013 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 23563705 from Nat Med.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 40931065 from Nature.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2014 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 24992464 from Prog Lipid Res.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1869,1906,2030, etc.]
Open source