Supplement
Supports broad cellular function with category-specific mechanisms.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
100/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
0
Mixed / Neutral • confidence Minimal
Safety Friction
100/100
High signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 15 • mentions 2 • links 25
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Goal alignment: Longevity, Metabolic Health, Energy.[520,668,892, etc.]
Dose guide: Human-study daily dose: 1600 mg-3000 mg/day (higher-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts)..[520,668,892, etc.]
Category
Other
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Daily Guide
Human-study daily dose: 1600 mg-3000 mg/day (higher-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts).
Dosing Guide
Human-study daily dose: 1600 mg-3000 mg/day (higher-confidence extraction from PubMed abstracts).[2581,, etc.]
Clinical Depth
Humans: 329 • RCTs: 131 • Meta: 19
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 0
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 125 • Interactions: 155
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
↑ Growing evidence base
Depth
569 total studies · 5 recent
Timeline
Total indexed
569
Animal-only studies
350
Human studies
329
In vitro / tissue
174
Interaction signals
155
Randomized trials
131
Weighted direction score: 0 (Mixed / Neutral)
High when >=2 human meta-analyses, or >=5 human RCTs with substantial human literature volume.
Total indexed
569
Animal-only studies
350
Human studies
329
In vitro / tissue
174
Interaction signals
155
Randomized trials
131
Safety adverse signals
125
Meta-analyses
19
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 30982854 • 2019 Apr 1
β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate and its impact on skeletal muscle mass and physical function in clinical practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 39999663 • 2025 Apr
The effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation in patients with sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Maturitas
Open PubMedPMID 39797501 • 2025 Feb
Ergogenic Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Body Composition and Muscle Strength: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.
Benefit reports: 1
Adverse reports: 1
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 0
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.00
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Insufficient empirical signal for a directional adjustment.
Reddit evidence: 0 mentions (confidence 0.00).
Amazon signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00).
GNC signal: 0 products scanned (confidence 0.00) [ERROR].
terminated
Search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=12&q=%22hmb%22%20(supplement%20OR%20dosage%20OR%20stack%20OR%20side%20effects%20OR%20review)%20(subreddit%3ASupplements%20OR%20subreddit%3ANootropics%20OR%20subreddit%3ABiohackers%20OR%20subreddit%3Alongevity%20OR%20subreddit%3ANutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3AHubermanLab%20OR%20subreddit%3ASleep%20OR%20subreddit%3AFitness%20OR%20subreddit%3Aketoscience%20OR%20subreddit%3AStackAdvice)
aggregate • unclear
Aggregate community signal: 2 directional mentions (benefit 1, adverse 1, no-effect 0, mixed 0).
Open mentionamazon
Amazon search for Hmb
Rating: n/a | Reviews: n/a
Open productEvidence Sources
PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts aggregated from automated literature sweep and tiering rules.
Outcome: Tier HIGH; humans 329, RCTs 131, meta-analyses 19.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30982854 from Am J Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[, etc.]
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
PMID 31868817 • 2022 Feb 1
Does HMB Enhance Body Composition in Athletes? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
J Strength Cond Res
Open PubMedPMID 32456217 • 2020 May 23
Supplementation with the Leucine Metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) does not Improve Resistance Exercise-Induced Changes in Body Composition or Strength in Young Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 38090973 • 2024 Apr 1
Effects of HMB on Endurance Performance in a Healthy Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
J Strength Cond Res
Open PubMedPMID 37248756 • 2023
Effects of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate Supplementation on Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
J Nutr Health Aging
Open PubMedPMID 33268143 • 2021 Apr
Impact of specialized oral nutritional supplement on clinical, nutritional, and functional outcomes: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition.
Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 26797412 • 2016 Feb
Readmission and mortality in malnourished, older, hospitalized adults treated with a specialized oral nutritional supplement: A randomized clinical trial.
Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 31936727 • 2020 Jan 10
Effect of Ten Weeks of Creatine Monohydrate Plus HMB Supplementation on Athletic Performance Tests in Elite Male Endurance Athletes.
Nutrients
Open PubMedPMID 38489992 • 2024 May
Effects of multicomponent training and HMB supplementation on disability, cognitive and physical function in institutionalized older adults aged over 70 years: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
J Nutr Health Aging
Open PubMedPMID 34179932 • 2021
Oral Nutritional Supplement with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) Improves Nutrition, Physical Performance and Ameliorates Intramuscular Adiposity in Pre-Frail Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Nutr Health Aging
Open PubMedPMID 36081299 • 2022 Oct
Advances in muscle health and nutrition: A toolkit for healthcare professionals.
Clin Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 39699070 • 2025 Dec
International society of sports nutrition position stand: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).
J Int Soc Sports Nutr
Open PubMedPMID 35301826 • 2022 Jun
Effects of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on muscle mass, function, and other outcomes in patients with cancer: a systematic review.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
Open PubMedFallback search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=comments&t=all&limit=16&q=%22hmb%22%20(supplement%20OR%20capsule%20OR%20powder%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results%20OR%20side%20effects)
Broad search failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=new&t=all&limit=16&q=hmb
Use adverse/interactions PubMed signal counts for screening; perform clinician review before high-dose or multi-drug stack use.
Human-study daily dose signal: 1600 mg-3000 mg/day (confidence HIGH).
Extracted from 4 dosing mentions across 3 PubMed studies (mg/day).
Community Sources
PUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39999663 from Maturitas.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39797501 from J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31868817 from J Strength Cond Res.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 32456217 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38090973 from J Strength Cond Res.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 37248756 from J Nutr Health Aging.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 33268143 from Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2016 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 26797412 from Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31936727 from Nutrients.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38489992 from J Nutr Health Aging.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 34179932 from J Nutr Health Aging.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 36081299 from Clin Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39699070 from J Int Soc Sports Nutr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 35301826 from J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2581,3281,3483, etc.]
Open source