Supplement
Anthocyanins and flavonoids enhance cytokine production, inhibit viral neuraminidase (flu), modulate innate immune response, and provide antioxidant protection.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
45/100
Moderate depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
9
Mixed / Neutral • confidence High
Safety Friction
0/100
Sparse signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 3 • mentions 8 • links 5
Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.
FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Goal alignment: Immune Support, Respiratory.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Dose guide: 300-600 mg extract daily, or 15 mL syrup 4x/day during illness.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Category
Botanical
Evidence Tier
EMERGING
Daily Guide
300-600 mg extract daily, or 15 mL syrup 4x/day during illness
Clinical Depth
Humans: 3 • RCTs: 2 • Meta: 1
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 0
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 0 • Interactions: 0
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
· Limited trend data
Depth
3 total studies
Timeline
Total indexed
3
Human studies
3
Randomized trials
2
Meta-analyses
1
Cohort signals
0
Mechanistic signals
0
Weighted direction score: 9 (Mixed / Neutral)
Total indexed
3
Human studies
3
Randomized trials
2
Meta-analyses
1
Cohort signals
0
Mechanistic signals
0
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: Moderate
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 30670267 • 2019
Elderberry supplementation and upper respiratory symptoms: MA
META_ANALYSIS
Open PubMedPMID 15080016 • 2004
Elderberry extract and influenza A/B: a randomized trial
RCT
Open PubMedPMID 27023596 • 2016
Elderberry and immune function in air travelers: randomized trial
RCT
Open PubMedBenefit reports: 4
Adverse reports: 3
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 1
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.70
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Best used at first sign of cold/flu for 3-5 days. Syrup form popular for children. Less evidence for ongoing prevention.
aggregate • benefit
Aggregate community signal: 8 directional mentions (benefit 4, adverse 3, no-effect 0, mixed 1).
Open mentionamazon
Amazon search for Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)
Rating: n/a | Reviews: n/a
Open productPUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30670267 from META_ANALYSIS.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2004 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 15080016 from RCT.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2016 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 27023596 from RCT.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1584,2613,3210, etc.]
Open source