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Food

Soy Foods (tofu/tempeh/edamame)

Isoflavone-containing foods can support lipid and menopausal-symptom endpoints in subsets.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.

Strong Evidence
Heart HealthHormone HealthBone Health

Composite Rating

3.8/5

Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.

Evidence Intensity

100/100

High depth from human/RCT/meta counts

Community Direction

0

Mixed / Neutral • confidence Minimal

Safety Friction

96/100

High signal from adverse/interaction markers

Data Completeness

100%

Studies 16 • mentions 0 • links 25

Not medical advice. This product is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.

FDA disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Results may vary. Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women, individuals under 18, or those with known medical conditions without physician consultation.

If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.

Implementation Blueprint

Classification: case-dependent.[1132,1283,2977, etc.]

Best fit: Users replacing processed meat with plant protein..[1132,1283,2977, etc.]

Goal alignment: Heart Health, Hormone Health, Bone Health.[1132,1283,2977, etc.]

Classification

Case Dependent

Evidence Tier

HIGH

Best Fit

Users replacing processed meat with plant protein.

Primary Focus

Heart Health, Hormone Health

Safety and Pitfalls

  • Individual endocrine-sensitive contexts may require personalized review.[1132,1283,2977, etc.]

At-A-Glance Evidence Architecture[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Clinical Depth

Humans: 3,338 • RCTs: 623 • Meta: 154

Cohort / Real-World

Cohort signals: 407

Safety Markers

Adverse signals: 137 • Interactions: 0

Evidence Tracking

Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item

Evidence Tracking

Status

New Evidence

Trend

↑ Growing evidence base

Depth

3338 total studies · 2 recent

Timeline

20182025

Top Signal Metrics[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Total indexed

3,338

Human studies

3,338

Randomized trials

623

In vitro / tissue

573

Cohort signals

407

Meta-analyses

154

Community Direction Mix[1132,1283,6391]

Weighted direction score: 0 (Mixed / Neutral)

Benefit0
Adverse0
No Effect0
Mixed0

No directional mention volume was resolved; fallback profile metadata is shown in other sections.

Evidence Quality Summary[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

High when there are >=2 human meta-analyses, or strong human trial/cohort volume with substantial human literature.

Total indexed

3,338

Human studies

3,338

Randomized trials

623

In vitro / tissue

573

Cohort signals

407

Meta-analyses

154

Safety adverse signals

137

Animal-only studies

0

Study Type Breakdown

Distribution of evidence by study design strength

Meta-AnalysesLevel 1a154
Randomized TrialsLevel 1b623
Cohort StudiesLevel 2b407
Human Studies (other)Level 3-42,154
All IndexedAll levels3,338
100

Evidence Strength: High

Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses

Top Human Studies[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

PMID 33383165 • 2021 Mar

Neither soy nor isoflavone intake affects male reproductive hormones: An expanded and updated meta-analysis of clinical studies.

Reprod Toxicol

Open PubMed

PMID 35241506 • 2022 Mar-Apr

Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis.

In Vivo

Open PubMed

PMID 34348965 • 2021 Aug 4

Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

BMJ

Open PubMed

PMID 30485934 • 2018

Dietary factors and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr

Open PubMed

PMID 40533200 • 2025 Jun 18

Intermittent fasting strategies and their effects on body weight and other cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

BMJ

Open PubMed

PMID 33762150 • 2021 May 6

The effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels: A systematic review of the accumulated evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis

Open PubMed

PMID 29562612 • 2018 Mar 17

Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial.

Nutrients

Open PubMed

PMID 34358827 • 2021 Aug

Supplement-based nutritional strategies to tackle frailty: A multifactorial, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Clin Nutr

Open PubMed

PMID 39275135 • 2024 Aug 23

The Portfolio Diet and HbA1c in Adults Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Dietary Trials.

Nutrients

Open PubMed

PMID 33726784 • 2021 Mar 16

Effect of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on recovery kinetics following speed endurance training in competitive male soccer players: a randomized controlled trial.

J Int Soc Sports Nutr

Open PubMed

PMID 35105389 • 2022 Oct 28

The plasma amino acid response to blended protein beverages: a randomised crossover trial.

Br J Nutr

Open PubMed

PMID 30485922 • 2018

Acute effect of soy and soy products on serum uric acid concentration among healthy Chinese men.

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr

Open PubMed

PMID 32095830 • 2020 Oct 1

Dairy, soy, and risk of breast cancer: those confounded milks.

Int J Epidemiol

Open PubMed

PMID 30742825 • 2019 Jun

Dietary patterns and outcomes of assisted reproduction.

Am J Obstet Gynecol

Open PubMed

PMID 37877288 • 2023 Nov 28

Portfolio Diet Score and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.

Circulation

Open PubMed

PMID 36162007 • 2023 Jan 1

The Portfolio Diet and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the Women's Health Initiative Prospective Cohort Study.

Diabetes Care

Open PubMed

Community Report Frequency[1132,1283,6391]

Benefit reports: 0

Adverse reports: 0

No-effect reports: 0

Mixed reports: 0

Unclear reports: 0

Signal confidence: 0.00

Top Reported Effects[1132,1283,6391]

Benefits

  • Heart Health: 1
  • Hormone Health: 1
  • Bone Health: 1

Adverse

  • Individual endocrine-sensitive contexts may require personalized review: 1

No Effect

  • insufficient no-effect reports captured: 0

Community confidence 0.00 with mentions: benefit 0, adverse 0, no-effect 0.

Search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=8&q=%22soy%20foods%22%20(diet%20OR%20nutrition%20OR%20meals%20OR%20side%20effects%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results)%20(subreddit%3Anutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3AScientificNutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3Aloseit%20OR%20subreddit%3AMealPrepSunday%20OR%20subreddit%3Aketo%20OR%20subreddit%3Afasting%20OR%20subreddit%3Amediterraneandiet%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegan%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegetarian%20OR%20subreddit%3Acarnivorediet%20OR%20subreddit%3Abiohackers%20OR%20subreddit%3Alongevity)

Fallback search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=12&q=soy%20foods

Community Evidence Examples[1132,1283,6391]

aggregate • unclear

No directional first-hand mentions captured in the current community corpus; source links are retained for traceability.

Open mention

Primary Source Links

Evidence Sources

  • https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=(%22soy%20isoflavones%22%20OR%20tofu%20OR%20tempeh%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D)%20AND%20(diet*%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20intake%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20consumption%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20feeding%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20nutrition%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)
  • https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=(%22soy%20isoflavones%22%20OR%20tofu%20OR%20tempeh%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D)%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D%20AND%20(diet*%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20intake%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20consumption%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20feeding%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20nutrition%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)
  • https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=(%22soy%20isoflavones%22%20OR%20tofu%20OR%20tempeh%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D)%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D%20AND%20(diet*%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20intake%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20consumption%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20feeding%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20nutrition%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)%20AND%20randomized%20controlled%20trial%5BPublication%20Type%5D
  • https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=(%22soy%20isoflavones%22%20OR%20tofu%20OR%20tempeh%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D)%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D%20AND%20(diet*%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20intake%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20consumption%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20feeding%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20nutrition%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)%20AND%20meta-analysis%5BPublication%20Type%5D
  • https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esearch.fcgi?db=pubmed&term=(%22soy%20isoflavones%22%20OR%20tofu%20OR%20tempeh%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D)%20AND%20humans%5BMeSH%20Terms%5D%20AND%20(diet*%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20intake%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20consumption%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20feeding%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20nutrition%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)%20AND%20(cohort%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20prospective%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D%20OR%20longitudinal%5BTitle%2FAbstract%5D)
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33383165/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35241506/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34348965/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30485934/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40533200/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33762150/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29562612/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34358827/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39275135/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33726784/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35105389/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30485922/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32095830/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30742825/
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37877288/

Community Sources

  • https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=8&q=%22soy%20foods%22%20(diet%20OR%20nutrition%20OR%20meals%20OR%20side%20effects%20OR%20experience%20OR%20results)%20(subreddit%3Anutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3AScientificNutrition%20OR%20subreddit%3Aloseit%20OR%20subreddit%3AMealPrepSunday%20OR%20subreddit%3Aketo%20OR%20subreddit%3Afasting%20OR%20subreddit%3Amediterraneandiet%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegan%20OR%20subreddit%3Avegetarian%20OR%20subreddit%3Acarnivorediet%20OR%20subreddit%3Abiohackers%20OR%20subreddit%3Alongevity)
  • https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=12&q=soy%20foods
  • https://www.reddit.com/search/?q=Soy%20Foods%20(tofu%2Ftempeh%2Fedamame)

Scientific Evidence Notes[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

1. PubMed triage evidence summary: Soy Foods (tofu/tempeh/edamame)

PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage

Counts from structured PubMed query set for diet/intake context.

Outcome: Humans 3338, RCT 623, meta 154, cohort 407.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
2. Neither soy nor isoflavone intake affects male reproductive hormones: An expanded and updated meta-analysis of clinical studies.

PUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 33383165 from Reprod Toxicol.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
3. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis.

PUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 35241506 from In Vivo.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
4. Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

PUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 34348965 from BMJ.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
5. Dietary factors and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

PUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 30485934 from Asia Pac J Clin Nutr.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
6. Intermittent fasting strategies and their effects on body weight and other cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

PUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 40533200 from BMJ.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
7. The effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels: A systematic review of the accumulated evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

PUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 33762150 from Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
8. Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial.

PUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 29562612 from Nutrients.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
9. Supplement-based nutritional strategies to tackle frailty: A multifactorial, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

PUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 34358827 from Clin Nutr.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
10. The Portfolio Diet and HbA1c in Adults Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Dietary Trials.

PUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 39275135 from Nutrients.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
11. Effect of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on recovery kinetics following speed endurance training in competitive male soccer players: a randomized controlled trial.

PUBMED • 2021 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 33726784 from J Int Soc Sports Nutr.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
12. The plasma amino acid response to blended protein beverages: a randomised crossover trial.

PUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 35105389 from Br J Nutr.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
13. Acute effect of soy and soy products on serum uric acid concentration among healthy Chinese men.

PUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 30485922 from Asia Pac J Clin Nutr.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
14. Dairy, soy, and risk of breast cancer: those confounded milks.

PUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 32095830 from Int J Epidemiol.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
15. Dietary patterns and outcomes of assisted reproduction.

PUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 30742825 from Am J Obstet Gynecol.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
16. Portfolio Diet Score and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From 3 Prospective Cohort Studies.

PUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 37877288 from Circulation.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source
17. The Portfolio Diet and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From the Women's Health Initiative Prospective Cohort Study.

PUBMED • 2023 • Human evidence curation set

PMID 36162007 from Diabetes Care.

Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[2977,3166,3167, etc.]

Open source