Food
Preservative-heavy intake can indicate high reliance on packaged foods with lower dietary quality.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Superscript reference numbers link to the Sources bibliography.
Composite Rating
Blends evidence depth, community direction, safety friction, and completeness.
Evidence Intensity
77/100
High depth from human/RCT/meta counts
Community Direction
0
Mixed / Neutral • confidence Minimal
Safety Friction
43/100
Early signal from adverse/interaction markers
Data Completeness
100%
Studies 13 • mentions 0 • links 22
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Classification: limit.[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Best fit: Users reducing processed beverages and shelf-stable snacks..[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Goal alignment: Metabolic Health, Mood, Cognitive.[1129,1280,1588, etc.]
Classification
Limit
Evidence Tier
HIGH
Best Fit
Users reducing processed beverages and shelf-stable snacks.
Primary Focus
Metabolic Health, Mood
Clinical Depth
Humans: 52 • RCTs: 6 • Meta: 0
Cohort / Real-World
Cohort signals: 1
Safety Markers
Adverse signals: 8 • Interactions: 0
Freshness, trend, and study timeline for this item
Status
Trend
→ Stable evidence base
Depth
52 total studies · 3 recent
Timeline
Total indexed
52
Human studies
52
In vitro / tissue
19
Safety adverse signals
8
Randomized trials
6
Cohort signals
1
Weighted direction score: 0 (Mixed / Neutral)
No directional mention volume was resolved; fallback profile metadata is shown in other sections.
High when there are >=2 human meta-analyses, or strong human trial/cohort volume with substantial human literature.
Total indexed
52
Human studies
52
In vitro / tissue
19
Safety adverse signals
8
Randomized trials
6
Cohort signals
1
Animal-only studies
0
Meta-analyses
0
Distribution of evidence by study design strength
Evidence Strength: High
Composite of study volume, RCTs, and meta-analyses
PMID 17825405 • 2007 Nov 3
Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.
Lancet
Open PubMedPMID 25497115 • 2015 Jan
Effects of sodium benzoate, a widely used food preservative, on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles in humans.
Mol Genet Metab
Open PubMedPMID 15155391 • 2004 Jun
The effects of a double blind, placebo controlled, artificial food colourings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a general population sample of preschool children.
Arch Dis Child
Open PubMedPMID 24217026 • 2013 Nov-Dec
Food additives and behavior in 8- to 9-year-old children in Hong Kong: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
J Dev Behav Pediatr
Open PubMedPMID 2736427 • 1989 May
A double-blind assessment of additive intolerance in children using a 12 day challenge period at home.
Clin Exp Allergy
Open PubMedPMID 20551163 • 2010 Sep
The role of histamine degradation gene polymorphisms in moderating the effects of food additives on children's ADHD symptoms.
Am J Psychiatry
Open PubMedPMID 32807620 • 2020 Oct
Adverse reactions to food additives in children: A retrospective study and a prospective survey.
Arch Pediatr
Open PubMedPMID 38423749 • 2024 Oct 18
Artificial food additives: hazardous to long-term health?
Arch Dis Child
Open PubMedPMID 35782077 • 2022
Toxicological and Teratogenic Effect of Various Food Additives: An Updated Review.
Biomed Res Int
Open PubMedPMID 31151640 • 2019 Sep 30
Molecular and technical aspects on the interaction of serum albumin with multifunctional food preservatives.
Food Chem
Open PubMedPMID 38150747 • 2024 Jan 15
Sodium benzoate induces pancreatic inflammation and β cell apoptosis partially via benzoylation.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Open PubMedPMID 39777413 • 2025 Aug
Food additives for the central nervous system, useful or harmful? An evidence-based review.
Nutr Neurosci
Open PubMedPMID 30099054 • 2018 Oct
Assessment of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate preservatives in some products in Kashan, Iran with estimation of human health risk.
Food Chem Toxicol
Open PubMedBenefit reports: 0
Adverse reports: 0
No-effect reports: 0
Mixed reports: 0
Unclear reports: 0
Signal confidence: 0.00
Benefits
Adverse
No Effect
Community confidence 0.00 with mentions: benefit 0, adverse 0, no-effect 0.
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Fallback search fetch failed: Failed to fetch after retries: https://old.reddit.com/search.json?raw_json=1&sort=relevance&t=year&limit=12&q=sodium%20benzoate%20and%20similar%20preservatives
aggregate • unclear
No directional first-hand mentions captured in the current community corpus; source links are retained for traceability.
Open mentionEvidence Sources
Community Sources
PUBMED • Humans + preclinical triage
Counts from structured PubMed query set for diet/intake context.
Outcome: Humans 52, RCT 6, meta 0, cohort 1.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2007 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 17825405 from Lancet.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2015 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 25497115 from Mol Genet Metab.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2004 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 15155391 from Arch Dis Child.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2013 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 24217026 from J Dev Behav Pediatr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 1989 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 2736427 from Clin Exp Allergy.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2010 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 20551163 from Am J Psychiatry.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2020 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 32807620 from Arch Pediatr.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38423749 from Arch Dis Child.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2022 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 35782077 from Biomed Res Int.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2019 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 31151640 from Food Chem.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2024 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 38150747 from Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2025 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 39777413 from Nutr Neurosci.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open sourcePUBMED • 2018 • Human evidence curation set
PMID 30099054 from Food Chem Toxicol.
Outcome: See linked PubMed abstract for methods and outcomes.[1588,1786,1983, etc.]
Open source